{"id":9339,"date":"2024-12-19T15:15:10","date_gmt":"2024-12-19T07:15:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/religion.tcu.edu.tw\/?p=9339"},"modified":"2024-12-27T19:18:58","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T11:18:58","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%ae%97%e7%a0%94%e6%89%80%e5%b0%88%e9%a1%8c%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7%e3%80%91112-12-25%e4%b8%89%e5%be%9epeter-singer%e5%92%8c%e6%98%ad%e6%85%a7%e6%b3%95%e5%b8%ab%e7%9a%84%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/religion.tcu.edu.tw\/?p=9339","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5b97\u7814\u6240\u5c08\u984c\u8b1b\u5ea7\u3011112\/12\/25(\u4e09)\u5f9ePeter Singer\u548c\u662d\u6167\u6cd5\u5e2b\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u8003\u75db\u82e6\u8a08\u91cf\u7684\u8de8\u7269\u7a2e\u502b\u7406(\u502a\u6770\u535a\u58eb)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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\u502a\u6770\u8001\u5e2b\u8a8d\u70ba\u662d\u6167\u6cd5\u5e2b\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u8207Peter Singer\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u8f9b\u683c\u7684\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7e3d\u7d50\u601d\u60f3\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u5728\u6e1b\u5c11\u75db\u82e6\u4e26\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5feb\u6a02\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3001\u6240\u6709\u52d5\u7269\u90fd\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u95dc\u61f7\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u8cac\u4efb\u6e90\u65bc\u4eba\u985e\u7406\u6027\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u5169\u8005\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u7d50\u69cb\u7b49\u89c0\u5ff5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u8b1b\u8005:\u502a\u6770(Jeffrey Nicolaisen,\u7384\u5958\u5927\u5b78\u5b97\u6559\u8207\u6587\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8b1b\u5ea7\u7c21\u4ecb\uff1a\u672c\u8b1b\u5ea7\u5c07\u6fb3\u6d32\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u7fa9\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u8f9b\u683c\u7684\u591a\u7269\u7a2e\u7e41\u69ae\u502b\u7406\u8207\u53f0\u7063\u4f5b\u6559\u91cb\u662d\u6167\u6cd5\u5e2b\u7684\u591a\u7269\u7a2e\u7e41\u69ae\u502b\u7406\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002 1992\u5e74\uff0c\u662d\u6167\u6cd5\u5e2b\u548c\u5979\u7684\u8ffd\u96a8\u8005\u5275\u7acb\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u4fdd\u8b77\u5354\u6703\uff08LCA\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u5f15\u9818\u4e86\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u4fdd\u8b77\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u5230 1996 \u5e74\uff0cLCA \u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u8f9b\u683c 1975 \u5e74\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u52d5\u7269\u89e3\u653e\u300b\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u8b6f\u672c\u3002\u662d\u6167\u6cd5\u5e2b\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u502b\u7406\u8207\u8f9b\u683c\u7684\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u7fa9\u502b\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u662f\u986f\u8457\u7684\u3002\u8f9b\u683c\u4e3b\u5f35\u201c\u5e73\u7b49\u8003\u616e\u4e00\u5207\u773e\u751f\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662d\u6167\u6cd5\u5e2b\u5247\u4e3b\u5f35\u201c\u4fdd\u8b77\u751f\u547d\u201d\u548c\u201c\u751f\u547d\u5e73\u7b49\u201d\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u8da8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u502b\u7406\u5b78\u8d77\u6e90\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6839\u6e90\u537b\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8f9b\u683c\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u7121\u53ef\u5426\u8a8d\u5730\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u7fa9\u502b\u7406\u5b78\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\uff0c\u8a72\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u5047\u8a2d\u610f\u8b58\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u500b\u9ad4\u5927\u8166\u6216\u5177\u9ad4\u795e\u7d93\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u96e2\u6563\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u662d\u6167\u6cd5\u5e2b\u4e3b\u5f35\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c07\u610f\u8b58\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u4e3b\u9ad4\u8207\u5ba2\u9ad4\u4e0d\u65b7\u4ea4\u878d\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u5982\u7121\u6211\u6982\u5ff5\u6240\u8868\u9054\u7684\u3002\u7121\u6211\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5c0d\u65bc\u500b\u4eba\u6548\u7528\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u662f\u96e3\u4ee5\u8655\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5426\u8a8d\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cf\u5316\u5feb\u6a02\u548c\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u7368\u7279\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u6700\u7d42\u5b58\u5728\u3002 2016\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u300c\u5229\u4ed6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u83e9\u85a9\u601d\u60f3\u300d\u6703\u8b70\u4e0a\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u70ba\u671f\u4e09\u5929\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u5f8c\uff0c\u8f9b\u683c\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4ed6\u300c\u4ecd\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u89e3\u6c7a\u300d\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u7121\u6211\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u5c0d\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u6c11\u4f86\u8aaa\u7121\u6cd5\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u3002\u5728\u9019\u6b21\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u900f\u904e\u6bd4\u8f03\u662d\u6167\u6cd5\u5e2b\u8207\u8f9b\u683c\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u662d\u6167\u6cd5\u5e2b\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u7de3\u8d77\u89c0\u5ff5\u4f86\u9054\u5230\u7121\u6211\u4ee5\u53ca\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u751f\u547d\u300d\u548c\u300c\u751f\u547d\u5e73\u7b49\u300d\u7684\u502b\u7406\uff0c\u7d50\u8ad6\u662f\u7121\u6211\u548c\u7de3\u8d77\u7684\u975e\u672c\u9ad4\u8ad6\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u975e\u4eba\u985e\u798f\u7949\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u8ad6\u8ff0\u505a\u51fa\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u54f2\u5b78\u8ad6\u8ff0\u5e38\u5e38\u5047\u5b9a\u81ea\u7136\u96e2\u6563\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u662f\u6240\u6709\u773e\u751f\u798f\u7949\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002
This talk compares the ethics of multi-species flourishing of the Australian utilitarian philosopher Peter Singer with that of the Taiwanese Buddhist nun Shih Chao-hwei. In 1992, Chao-hwei and her followers founded the Life Conservationist Association (LCA) and spearheaded the animal protection movement in Taiwan. By 1996, LCA\u2019s collaborators published a Chinese translation of Singer\u2019s 1975 book Animal Liberation. The alignment of Chao-hwei\u2019s Buddhist ethics and Singer\u2019s utilitarian ethics was remarkable. Singer advocated for the \u201cequal consideration of interests\u201d of all sentient beings while Chao-hwei advocated for the Buddhist concepts of \u201cprotecting life\u201d and \u201cequality of life.\u201d While the ethics converged, the intellectual roots from which these ethics originated differed. Singer\u2019s ideas undeniably spring from utilitarian ethics, but they are also committed to a naturalist ontology that presumes consciousness arises from the complexity of the discrete physical substrate of individual brains or embodied neural networks. On the contrary, Chao-hwei asserts that there is no ontology in Buddhism, but rather locates consciousness in the constant blending of subject and object as expressed in the concept of no-self. The concept of no-self is unwieldy for the calculus of individual utility, as it denies the ultimate existence of any distinct individuals for whom pleasure and pain might be quantifiable. Following their three-day dialogue at the \u201cAltruism and Bodhisattva Thought\u201d conference in 2016, Singer said he was \u201cstill grappling\u201d with the Buddhist concept of no self and thought that it would not be convincing to people in the United States. In this talk, by comparing the philosophy of Chao-hwei to that of Singer, I consider how Chao-hwei uses the concept of dependent origination to arrive at no-self and the ethics of \u201cprotecting life\u201d and \u201cequality of life,\u201d concluding with what the non-ontology of no-self and dependent origination may have to contribute to the philosophical discourse on nonhuman welfare that too often presumes a natural discrete self as the foundation of the well-being of all sentient beings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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